通用知识测试 – 卡友助手

通用知识测试

题库共有484题，每次随机刷新50题，正确率80%以上即为通过。

Updated: Jan 02 2026

正确！说明：前轮每个主要沟槽的胎纹必须至少 4/32 英寸，其他轮胎至少 2/32 英寸。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: You must have at least 4/32-inch tread depth in every major groove on front tires and at least 2/32-inch on other tires

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除前轮以外的轮胎，胎纹最小深度是多少？ / What is the minimum tread depth for tires other than front tires?

3/32 英寸 / 3/32 inch

4/32 英寸 / 4/32 inch

2/32 英寸 / 2/32 inch

没错！说明：方向盘游隙超过 10 度（20 英寸方向盘外圈约 2 英寸的位移）会使转向困难。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Steering wheel play of more than 10 degrees (approximately 2 inches movement at the rim of a 20-inch steering wheel) can make it hard to steer.

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你在进行出车前检查，正在检查转向系统与排气系统。以下哪项说法正确？ / You are checking your steering and exhaust systems for a pre-trip inspection. Which of these statements is true?

动力转向液有些渗漏属于正常 / Some leakage of power steering fluid is normal

方向盘游隙超过 10 度会使转向困难 / Steering wheel play of more than 10 degrees can make it hard to steer

只要泄漏发生在驾驶室外，排气系统泄漏不成问题 / Leaks in the exhaust system are not a problem if they are outside the cab

完全正确！解释：在双向通行的两车道或未分隔的公路上停车时，应在车辆前/后角 10 英尺内放置一个警示装置，另在车辆前方和后方各约 100 英尺处（路肩或你停车的车道内）再放置一个，以标明车辆位置。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: If you stop on a two-lane road carrying traffic in both directions or on an undivided highway, place warning devices within 10 feet of the front or rear corners to mark the location of the vehicle and 100 feet behind and ahead of the vehicle, on the shoulder or in the lane you stopped in.

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在平直的双车道路边停车时，三角反光警示牌应放在什么位置？ / You must park on the side of a level, straight, two lane road. Where should you place the three reflective triangles?

在车头 10 英尺内放置一个，车头前方约 200 英尺处放一个，车尾后方约 100 英尺处再放一个 / One within 10 feet of the front of the vehicle, one about 200 feet from the front, and one about 100 feet to the rear

在车尾后方约 50 英尺处放一个，约 100 英尺处放一个，车头前方约 100 英尺处再放一个 / One about 50 feet from the rear of the vehicle, one about 100 feet to the rear, and one about 100 feet from the front of the vehicle

在车尾 10 英尺内放置一个，车尾后方约 100 英尺处放一个，车头前方约 100 英尺处再放一个 / One within 10 feet of the rear of the vehicle, one about 100 feet to the rear, and one about 100 feet from the front of the vehicle

在车尾 10 英尺内放置一个，车尾后方约 100 英尺处放一个，约 200 英尺处再放一个 / One within 10 feet of the rear of the vehicle, one about 100 feet to the rear, and one about 200 feet to the rear

完全正确！解释：事故处理要点包括：**保护现场**、**通知有关部门**，并**救护伤者**、收集必要信息。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: When you're in an accident and not seriously hurt, you need to act to prevent further damage or injury. The basic steps to be taken at any accident are to: protect the area, notify authorities, and care for the injured.

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当你涉及一起事故且未严重受伤时，以下哪些是正确且必要的处理步骤？ / What are the proper collision procedures that are required for any collision in which you are involved but not seriously injured?

救护伤者并收集所需信息。 / Care for the injured and collect required information.

以上两项都是必需的程序 / Both of the above are required procedures

保护现场并通知有关部门。 / Protect the area and notify the authorities.

完全正确！说明：在入弯前先把车速降至安全范围，并预先降到合适挡位。这样在弯中可以适当给油，帮助车辆在转弯时更稳定。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Slow down to a safe speed, and downshift to the right gear before entering the curve. This lets you use some power through the curve to help the vehicle be more stable while turning.

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你驾驶重型车辆，需要通过一个下坡弯道的匝道驶离高速公路。你应该 / You are driving a heavy vehicle and must exit a highway using an off ramp that curves downhill. You should

将车速降到该匝道的限速标志值。 / slow down to the posted speed limit for the off ramp.

等进入弯道后再降挡。 / wait until you are in the curve before downshifting.

在入弯前把车速降到安全范围。 / slow down to a safe speed before taking the curve.

没错！说明：为确保货物牢靠，途中应按需频繁复查货物与固定装置；必须复查的时机包括：行驶 3 小时或 150 英里后，以及每次中途休息之后。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Re-check the cargo and securing devices as often as necessary during a trip to keep the load secure. You need to inspect again: after you have driven for 3 hours or 150 miles, and after every break you take during driving.

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货物检查： / Cargo inspections:

每次行车中途休息后都应进行 / Should be performed after every break you take while driving

只有运输危险品时才需要 / Are only needed if hazardous materials are being hauled

不属于驾驶员的责任 / Not the responsibility of the driver

完全正确！解释：在系统冷却之前，切勿打开散热器（水箱）盖或任何加压系统部件；蒸汽与沸水可能在压力下喷出并造成严重烫伤。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Never remove the radiator cap or any part of the pressurized system until the system has cooled. Steam and boiling water can spray under pressure and cause severe burns.

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如果发动机未过热，立即打开散热器（水箱）盖是否完全安全？ / If the engine is not overheated, is it completely safe to remove the radiator cap?

可以，只要散热器没有损坏。 / Yes, as long as the radiator isn't damaged.

不可以。 / No.

可以，只要不发生溢出即可。 / Yes, as long as there is no overflow.

可以。 / Yes.

正确！解释：确保轮胎胎纹深度足够，并且在雪地上有足够附着力以便转向和“推着”车辆通过；在冬季这尤为重要。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Make sure you have enough tread on your tires. The drive tires must provide traction to push the rig over wet pavement and through snow. The steering tires must have traction to steer the vehicle. Enough tread is especially important in winter conditions.

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在寒冷天气行车时，你的轮胎必须： / When you're driving in cold weather, your tires must

提供足够的附着力，以便在雪地中转向并“推着”车辆前行。 / provide enough traction to steer and push the vehicle through snow.

胎纹深度至少为 4/32 英寸。 / have at least 4/32-inch tread depth.

胎纹深度至少为 6/32 英寸。 / have at least 6/32-inch tread depth.

完全正确！解释：超长、超宽和/或超重货物需要**特殊通行许可**，并且通常还需配备“超宽载荷”等标志、**警示闪光灯**、旗帜等。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Over-length, over-width, and/or overweight loads require special transit permits. Driving is usually limited to certain times. Special equipment may be necessary such as "wide load" signs, flashing lights, flags, etc.

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超长、超宽或超重的货物需要： / Over length, over width, and overweight loads require:

警示闪光灯 / Flashing lights

限定在特定时间行驶 / Driving limited to certain times

以上各项都需要 / All answers are correct

特殊通行许可 / Special transit permits

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运输时，标语牌（placards）必须： / When transporting hazardous materials, placards must be:

放置在车辆的四个侧面 Displayed on all four sides of the vehicle

只要放在车尾即可 Only on the rear of the vehicle

放在驾驶室内挡风玻璃上即可 Inside the cab on the windshield is enough

正确！解释：能避免倒车就避免倒车；尽量**把车辆停放成离开时可以直接前进**的姿态。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Avoid backing whenever you can. When you park, try to park so you will be able to pull forward when you leave.

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你应尽量把车停放在一种什么状态下？ / You should try to park your vehicle so that

车辆由树木或屋檐遮蔽保护。 / your vehicle is protected by trees or some overhang.

离开时可以直接向前驶出。 / you can pull forward when you leave.

车辆旁至少有一条路缘石。 / there is at least one curb next to your vehicle.

正确！解释：应尽快驶离车道或进入避险车道。许多陡坡设有逃生道，可借助深砂或上坡段减速并拦停失控车辆。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Escape ramps have been built on many steep mountain downgrades. Escape ramps are made to stop runaway vehicles safely without injuring drivers and passengers. Escape ramps use a long bed of loose, soft material to slow a runaway vehicle, sometimes in combination with an upgrade.

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下坡行驶时制动失灵，首先应该尝试做的是： / What is the first thing you should try to do if your brakes fail while driving downhill?

关闭发动机。 / Shut off the engine.

打电话或用电台求助。 / Call or radio for help.

尽快驶离车道。 / Get off the road as soon as possible.

正确！解释：若信号已长时间为绿灯，可能在你到达前变黄或变红，应提前减速，准备停车。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: If a traffic light has been green for a long time it will probably change before you get there. Start slowing down and be ready to stop.

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接近一个已经绿了很久的交通信号灯时，你应该： / When approaching a traffic light that has been green for a long time, you should

加速抢灯通过。 / accelerate so you get through the light.

保持当前车速继续行驶。 / continue at your current speed.

开始减速，以便随时停车。 / start to slow down so you will be ready to stop.

正确！说明：点放式制动法是将刹车踩到底，当车轮抱死时立即松开。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: With the stab braking method, you apply your brakes all the way and release brakes when wheels lock up.

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点放式制动（Stab braking） / Stab braking

是把刹车踩到底，直到车轮抱死后再松开。 / involves releasing the brakes only after the wheels lock up.

绝不应使用。 / should never be used.

是在不抱死车轮的情况下持续均匀踩刹车。 / involves steady pressure on the brake pedal without locking the wheels.

答对！解释：为获得清晰视野，应检查并清洁/调整后视镜与挡风玻璃，去除裂纹附近的污渍与遮挡物。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Inspect mirrors and windshield for cracks, dirt, illegal stickers, or other obstructions to seeing clearly. Clean and adjust as necessary.

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检查后视镜与挡风玻璃是否有裂纹、污垢、非法贴纸或其他遮挡视线的物品时，你应该： / When inspecting mirrors and windshields for cracks, dirt, illegal stickers, and other obstructions to your vision, you should

看镜子确认自己形象是否好看。 / look in the mirror to see if you look good.

按需清洁并进行调整。 / clean and adjust as necessary.

这些都不用管。 / not worry about any of it.

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在车辆检查期间，检查哪个项目对预防火灾没有帮助？ / During a vehicle inspection, checking which item does NOT help prevent fires?

电线是否磨损、绝缘是否破损 Worn wiring or damaged insulation

电池液位 Battery fluid level

燃油管路是否泄漏 Fuel line leaks

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为了防止刹车“失效”，你应该： / To prevent brake “fade/failure,” you should:

长时间持续踩刹车不放，直到坡底 Ride the brakes continuously all the way down the hill

选择一种能在陡坡下保持车辆安全速度的档位 Select a gear that lets you maintain a safe speed on a steep downgrade

空挡滑行，这样发动机不会加热刹车 Coast in neutral so the engine won’t “heat up the brakes”

答对！解释：应熟悉路线上的紧急避险车道位置；道路标志会指示入口。避险车道能挽救生命并保护车辆和货物。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Know escape ramp locations on your route. Signs show drivers where ramp are located. Escape ramps save lives, equipment and cargo.

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下长陡坡时如果制动器过热而失效，你应该： / You are traveling down a long, steep hill. Your brakes get so hot that they fail. What should you do?

反复踩放制动踏板 / Pump the brake pedal

降挡 / Downshift

寻找紧急避险车道或逃生路线 / Look for an escape ramp or escape route

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以下关于警告其他司机有车辆停放，哪种说法是对的？ / Which statement about warning other drivers of a parked vehicle is true?

如果驾驶员的视线在500英尺内被遮挡，则将反射三角架往后移动If drivers’ view is obstructed within 500 feet, move the reflective triangles farther back

只要开双闪，就不需要摆放任何三角架If your hazard flashers are on, you never need triangles

视线被遮挡时，把三角架放得更近更好If view is obstructed, place triangles closer to the vehicle

正确！解释：合理分配载荷很重要：把最重的货物放在较轻的货物下面，更有利于降低重心、减少侧翻风险。 / Right! EXPLANATION: It is very important to distribute the cargo, so it is as low as possible. Put the heaviest parts of the cargo under the lightest parts.

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关于重心较高的车辆，下列哪项是正确的？ / Which of the following is true about a vehicle with a high center of gravity?

应重新摆放货物，使最重的部分位于最轻的部分之下。 / The cargo should be rearranged so that the heaviest parts of the cargo are under the lightest parts.

在弯道上更不危险。 / The vehicle is less dangerous on curves.

车辆更不容易侧翻。 / The vehicle is less likely to tip over.

没错！说明：ABC 类灭火器是多用途灭火器，通常使用干粉作为灭火剂。 / Right! EXPLANATION: An ABC fire extinguisher is a multi-purpose extinguisher and usually uses dry chemicals.

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下列哪种介质是 ABC 类灭火器可用于灭火的？ / Which of the following materials can be used in a Class ABC fire extinguisher to put out fires?

二氧化碳 / Carbon dioxide

水 / Water

干粉 / Dry chemical

答对！解释：汽油火可用适当灭火器材或窒息法（湿布、羊毛、沙土、泥土或灰）扑灭；不要用清水直接喷淋。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Gasoline fires may be extinguished by smothering with wet rags, woolen cloth, sand, earth or ashes.

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扑灭汽油火灾应使用什么？ / What would you use to put out a gasoline fire?

沙土/泥土 / Dirt

清水 / Water

不需要任何东西 / Nothing

答对！说明：在确保安全时采用转向绕行，是最安全的做法。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Steering around the object when it is safe to do is the safest action.

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行驶中，你看到前方本车道有一个小的方形纸箱。你应该： / While driving, you see a small square cardboard box ahead in your lane. You should:

重踩刹车以避免碾压 / Brake hard to avoid hitting it

停车并指挥其他车辆绕行。 / Stop and direct traffic around it.

在确保安全的情况下转向绕过 / Steer around it when it is safe to do so

正确！解释：高温时路面沥青会“出油”上浮，使路面变得非常湿滑，应降低车速并小心驾驶。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Tar in the road pavement frequently rises to the surface in very hot weather. Spots where tar "bleeds" to the surface are very slippery.

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“出油的沥青”（）会如何影响路面与行车条件？ / How does "bleeding tar" affect the road surface and driving conditions?

非常黏，会让车辆减速。 / It is very sticky and slows down your vehicle.

高温时沥青会上浮至路面，导致路面非常湿滑。 / Tar rises to the road surface in very hot weather, causing the roads to become very slippery.

对路面和行车条件没有影响。 / It does not affect the road surface or driving conditions.

答对！解释：湿路会显著增加刹车距离；在湿路应将车速降低约三分之一；在压实积雪上至少降低一半；若路面结冰，应降至爬行速度，并在确保安全时尽快停车。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Wet roads can double stopping distance. You must drive slower to be able to stop in the same distance as on a dry road. Reduce speed by about one-third on a wet road. On packed snow, reduce speed by a half, or more. If the surface is icy, reduce speed to a crawl and stop driving as soon as you can safely do so.

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以下关于车速控制的说法哪项正确？ / Which of these statements about speed management is true?

以上两项说法都正确。 / Both of the above answers are true.

在压实积雪上应将车速降低约一半。 / On packed snow, you should reduce your speed by about 1/2.

在湿滑路面应将车速降低约三分之一。 / On a wet road, you should reduce your speed by about 1/3.

答对！说明：ABS 是一种电子控制系统，在你紧急制动时防止车轮抱死。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: ABS is a computerized system that keeps your wheels from locking up during hard brake applications.

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防抱死制动系统（ABS）将会 / An antilock braking system (ABS) will

缩短你的刹车距离。 / shorten your stopping distance.

让你开得更快。 / let you drive faster.

提高车辆的制动能力。 / increase your vehicle's stopping power.

在你重刹时防止车轮抱死。 / keep your wheels from locking when you brake hard.

答对！解释：类用于纸木等固体，类用于易燃液体，类用于带电设备；灭火器可覆盖上述三类，因此选“以上皆是”。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Class A is for trash, wood and paper, Class B is for liquids and gases, and Class C is for energized electrical sources, so all answers are correct.

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ABC型灭火器可以用于哪类火灾？ / On which fires can you use the ABC fire extinguisher?

以上皆是 / All answers are correct

燃烧的布料/纺织品火灾 / Burning cloth

电气火灾 / Electrical fires

可燃液体火灾 / Burning fires

答对！说明：车辆起火的原因包括：燃油溢漏未妥善清理；照明信号火炬使用不当；胎压不足、双胎互相接触；绝缘损坏或接线松动造成的短路；司机在车内外吸烟；加油不当、油路接头松动；以及封装/装载不当或通风不良的易燃货物。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: The following are some causes of vehicle fires: Spilled fuel not properly cleaned up; improper use of flares; under-inflated tires and duals that touch; short circuits due to damaged insulation or loose connections; driver smoking in or around the vehicle; improper fueling and loose fuel connections; flammable cargo, improperly sealed or loaded cargo, with poor ventilation.

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下列哪项最可能引发车辆起火？ / Which of the following is most likely to cause a vehicle fire?

已被及时、妥善清理的溢漏燃油 / Spilled fuel cleaned up quickly and properly

驾驶员在休息区抽烟 / Driver smoking in a rest area

短路和接线松动 / Short circuits and loose connections

通风良好的易燃货物 / Flammable cargo with proper ventilation

没错！说明：重型车辆在无法跟上车流速度时常被尾随，这在上坡时尤其常见。如果重载让你减速，应尽量保持在右侧车道。上坡时除非能快速且安全地完成超车，否则不要超越其他慢车。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Heavy vehicles are often tailgated when they can't keep up with the speed of traffic. This often happens when you're going uphill. If a heavy load is slowing you down, stay in the right lane if you can. Going uphill, you should not pass another slow vehicle unless you can get around quickly and safely.

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如果在上坡时重载让你的车速下降，你应该 / If you have a heavy load that is slowing you down on an upgrade, you should

驶到路肩上，方便他车通过。 / drive on the shoulder so that others can pass you easily.

降挡。 / shift into a lower gear.

先驶离道路，等车流量小些再上路。 / exit the roadway until traffic is lighter.

正确！解释：人体代谢酒精需要时间，只有时间能让人逐渐清醒；黑咖啡、冷水或冷风都不能加速清醒。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: The liver can only process one-third an ounce of alcohol per hour, which is considerably less than the alcohol in a standard drink. This is a fixed rate, so only time, not black coffee or a cold shower, will sober you up.

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让醉酒的人清醒过来的方法是？ / What will help someone who is drunk sober up?

一杯水 / A glass of water

咖啡 / Coffee

时间 / Time

新鲜空气 / Fresh air

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当你必须离开公路以避免危险或紧急情况时，你应该牢记： / When you must leave the roadway to avoid danger or an emergency, remember:

宁可选择驶上路肩也不要冒险与其他车辆碰撞 It’s better to take the shoulder than risk a collision with another vehicle

绝对不要上路肩，否则一定会翻车 Never use the shoulder; it will definitely cause a rollover

遇到紧急情况就立刻猛打方向盘冲出道路 In an emergency, immediately jerk the wheel off the road

答对！解释：当血液酒精浓度达到 0.40 左右，大多数人会失去意识，部分人会死亡。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: At a BAC of .40 most people will lose consciousness, and some will die.

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当血液酒精浓度达到_____ 时，大多数人会失去知觉，甚至有人死亡。 / With a BAC of _____, most people lose consciousness, and some die.

0.16（血液酒精浓度） / 0.16

0.1（血液酒精浓度） / 0.1

0.4（血液酒精浓度） / 0.4

完全正确！说明：粗暴加速会造成机械损伤；牵引挂车时还可能损坏连接装置。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Rough acceleration can cause mechanical damage. When pulling a trailer, rough acceleration can damage the coupling.

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以下哪一项不是粗暴加速所导致的？ / Which of these is NOT caused by rough acceleration?

连接装置损坏 / Damage to the coupling

机械损伤 / Mechanical damage

轮胎损伤 / Tire damage

答对！说明：施工路段需要格外小心；工人冒着生命危险维护道路，因此你应低速行驶、打开双闪，并通过刹车灯与后车“沟通”。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Driving in work zones require extra care, and because of the workers risking their lives to keep the road in good condition you should drive slowly, use your hazards, and use your brake lights as communication devices.

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在道路施工区域，以下哪条驾驶原则是较好的做法？ / Which of these is a good driving rule for work zones?

打开双闪/Turn on you flashers / hazard lights

以上皆正确 / All answers are correct

通过刹车灯提醒后方驾驶员 / Use your brake lights to warn drivers behind you

低速行驶 / Drive slowly

答对！说明：若货物不需要张贴危险品警示牌，你可以驾驶；一旦需要张贴，就必须持有危险品资格（HME）方可驾驶。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: You can drive a vehicle that carries hazardous materials if it does not require placards. If it requires placards, you cannot drive it unless your driver license has the hazardous materials endorsement.

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你的商业驾照没有危险品资格（HME）。有人要求你驾驶一辆张贴了危险品警示牌的车辆运输危险品。你应该： / You do not have a hazardous materials endorsement on your commercial driver's license. You are asked to haul hazardous materials in a placarded vehicle. You should:

拒绝承运该货物 / Refuse to haul the load

把车辆上的危险品警示牌取下来 / Take the placards off the vehicle

先完成运输，再向交通部门提交报告 / Haul the load, but file a report with the department of transportation after the trip

先把货物运到最近可以由持有危险品资格的驾驶员接手的地点 / Haul the load, but only to the nearest place where a driver with a hazardous materials endorsement can take over

36 / 50

您正在检查液压制动器。你应该踩下制动踏板三次，然后对踏板施加稳固的压力五秒钟。如果刹车工作正常，踏板应该： / You are checking hydraulic brakes. Press the pedal three times, then hold firm pressure for five seconds. If brakes are working properly, the pedal should:

不动 Not move

慢慢下沉到底 Slowly sink to the floor

弹回到最上方并抖动 Bounce back to the top and vibrate

答对！说明：为确保货物牢靠，行程中应按需频繁复查货物与固定装置。须再次检查的时机包括：行驶 3 小时或 150 英里后，以及每次中途休息之后。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Re-check the cargo and securing devices as often as necessary during a trip to keep the load secure. You need to inspect again: after you have driven for 3 hours or 150 miles, and after every break you take during driving.

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货物检查： / Cargo inspections:

每次行车中途休息后都应进行 / Should be performed after every break you take while driving

不属于驾驶员的责任 / Not the responsibility of the driver

每 6 小时或每 300 英里检查一次 / Should be performed every six hours or 300 miles

只有在运输危险品时才需要 / Are only needed if hazardous materials are being hauled

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关于重型车辆倒车，哪一项不正确？ / Which statement about backing a heavy vehicle is NOT correct?

倒车要慢，随时准备停车并重新调整Back slowly, be ready to stop, and reposition as needed

必要时使用引导员或下车查看（GOAL）Use a spotter or Get Out And Look (GOAL) when needed

因为你看不到的关系，你应该慢慢倒车直到你轻轻地撞上装卸货门口Because you can’t see well, you should back slowly until you lightly hit the loading dock/doorway

完全正确！解释：部分车辆配有观察窗或透明回收罐；只要发动机未过热，可在工作温度时补加冷却液，但切勿打开加压散热器盖。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Some vehicles have sight glasses, see-through coolant overflow containers, or coolant recovery containers. These permit you to check the coolant level while the engine is hot. If the container is not part of the pressurized system, the cap can be safely removed, and coolant added even when the engine is at operating temperature.

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当发动机处于工作温度时，往冷却液回收罐或膨胀壶加冷却液是否安全？ / Is it safe to add coolant to a coolant recovery tank or coolant overflow tank while the engine is at operating temperature?

可以，但前提是回收罐属于加压系统的一部分。 / Yes, but only if the coolant recovery container is part of the pressurized system.

可以，只要发动机没有过热。 / Yes, as long as the engine isn't overheated.

不，绝对不行。 / No, never.

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您的车辆可以使用哪种可选设备？ / Which optional equipment may your vehicle use?

用来绕过排放检测的作弊装置 A device to bypass emissions testing

汽车电池充电机 A vehicle battery charger

车载“隐形”车牌遮挡装置 A device to conceal the license plate

没错！说明：货物应至少每 10 英尺配一条捆绑带，确保数量足够。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Cargo should have at least one tie-down for each ten feet of cargo. Make sure you have enough tiedowns to meet this need.

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货物应至少每满以下长度使用一条捆绑带： / Cargo should have at least one tie down for each:

每 12 英尺货物 / 12 feet of cargo

每 10 英尺货物 / 10 feet of cargo

每 15 英尺货物 / 15 feet of cargo

完全正确！说明：GVWR（总车辆重量额定值）是制造商为单一车辆规定的满载重量上限。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: The Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) is the value specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a single vehicle.

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总车辆重量额定值（GVWR）的含义是： / Gross vehicle weight rating or GVWR means the following:

单一车辆的总重量 / Total weight of a single vehicle

单一车辆加其载荷的总重量 / Total weight of a single vehicle plus its load

以上两项皆是 / Both above

以上皆不正确 / No answers are correct

正确！说明：在理想条件下，从眼睛看到危险到大脑识别其为危险这段时间里车辆行驶的距离，叫作“感知距离（perception distance）”。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: The distance your vehicle travels, in ideal conditions; from the time your eyes see a hazard until your brain recognizes it is perception distance.

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从眼睛看到危险到大脑识别为危险这段时间内车辆行驶的距离称为_______距离。 / The distance your vehicle travels from the time your eyes see a hazard to the time your brain recognizes it is called _______ distance.

反应 / reaction

感知 / perception

制动 / braking

正确！说明：观察危险是为了为突发情况争取规划脱险方案的时间。看到危险时，要及时思考可能演变的紧急情形，并预先想好你的应对。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: You look for the hazards in order to have time to plan a way out of any emergency. When you see a hazard, think about the emergencies that could develop and figure out what you would do.

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保持对危险的警觉最重要的原因是： / The most important reason for being alert to hazards is so:

当危险演变为紧急情况时，你会有时间规划脱险方案 / You will have time to plan your escape if the hazard becomes an emergency

可以联系执法人员 / Law enforcement personnel can be called

事故报告会更加准确 / Accident reports will be accurate

45 / 50

车辆的重量如何影响停车距离？ / How does vehicle weight affect stopping distance?

空载卡车通常比满载卡车需要更长的停车距离，但这不是公共汽车通常的情况 Empty trucks usually need longer stopping distance than loaded trucks, but this is not usually true for buses

车辆越重，停车距离一定越短 The heavier the vehicle, the shorter the stopping distance

重量不会影响停车距离，只和驾驶员反应有关 Weight does not affect stopping distance; only driver reaction matters

完全正确！解释：“黑冰”是一层**很薄且透明**的冰，表面看起来像湿路但温度在**冰点以下**。遇到“路面看似湿但气温在零下”要格外小心。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Black ice is a thin layer that is clear enough that you can see the road underneath it. It makes the road look wet. Any time the temperature is below freezing, and the road looks wet, watch out for black ice.

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什么是“黑冰”（）？ / What is black ice?

雨雪混合 / Rain and snow mixed

一层薄而透明、能看到下面路面的冰 / A thin layer of ice clear enough that you can see the road underneath it

脏雪 / Dirty snow

答对！解释：倒车**始终存在危险**；如需倒车，尽量向**驾驶员一侧**倒车并尽可能使用引导员。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Because you cannot see everything behind your vehicle, backing is always dangerous. Avoid backing whenever you can. When you have to back, here are a few simple safety rules: start in the proper position, look at your path, use mirrors on both sides, back slowly, back and turn toward the driver's side if possible, use a helper whenever possible.

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关于倒车，以下哪项说法正确？ / Which of the following statements about backing is true?

倒车时尽量朝驾驶员一侧倒车并转向。 / You should back and turn toward the driver's side whenever possible.

以上两项都正确。 / Both of the above are true.

倒车始终是危险的。 / Backing is always dangerous.

正确！说明：制动衬片不得松动或被油脂浸湿，也不得薄到危险、破损或缺失。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Brake linings must not be loose or soaked with oil or grease, and must not be dangerously thin, broken, or missing.

48 / 50

你在进行出车前检查刹车与悬挂系统。你要重点查看哪些问题？ / You are checking your brakes and suspension system for a pre-trip inspection. What are you looking for?

制动蹄片不得磨损到危险薄度、不得缺失或破损。 / Brake shoes must not be worn dangerously thin, missing, or broken.

以上两项都正确。 / Both of the above are correct.

制动片表面不应有机油、油脂或制动液。 / Brake pads should not have oil, grease, or brake fluid on them.

正确！说明：确保已拉好驻车制动，关闭发动机，并在不在驾驶室时把钥匙随身带走进行车辆检查。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Make sure the parking brake is set, turn off the engine, and take the key with you when you are not in the cab during your vehicle inspection.

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在出车前检查期间，你的点火钥匙应放在何处？ / Where should your ignition key be during your pre-trip inspection?

放在车门的置物袋里 / Pocket on the door

放在仪表台上 / On the dashboard

插在点火开关上 / In the ignition

放在你的口袋里 / In your pocket

答对！说明：约 3/4 到 1 秒；以 55 英里/小时行驶时，相当于行驶约 61 英尺。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: ¾ second to 1 second. At 55 mph this accounts for 61 feet traveled.

50 / 50

“反应距离”是指从何时到何时之间行驶的距离： / "Reaction distance" is the distance traveled from the time:

从踩下制动踏板到制动器开始让车辆减速之间 / The brake pedal is pressed to the time the brakes begin to slow the vehicle

从眼睛看到危险到脚踩下制动踏板之间 / The eyes see a hazard to the time the foot pushes the brake pedal

从大脑发出踩刹车指令到脚实际踩下制动踏板之间 / The brain tells the foot to push the brake pedal to the time the foot pushes the pedal

从眼睛看到危险到大脑意识到那是危险之间 / The eyes see a hazard to the time the brain knows that it is a hazard

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