通用知识测试 – 卡友助手

通用知识测试

题库共有484题，每次随机刷新50题，正确率80%以上即为通过。

Updated: Jan 02 2026

没错！说明：避险车道的作用是让失控车辆安全停下，同时不伤及司机与乘客。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Escape ramps are made to stop runaway vehicles safely without injuring drivers and passengers.

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避险车道（逃逸坡）是 / Escape ramps are

用于使失控车辆安全停下。 / used to stop runaway vehicles.

用于逃离着火的卡车。 / used to get out of a burning truck.

仅供铰接式车辆使用。 / for combination vehicles only.

完全正确！解释：强风会使车辆难以保持在本车道内；轻型车辆受影响更明显，驶出隧道时尤其严重。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Strong winds make it difficult to stay in your lane. The problem is usually worse for lighter vehicles. This problem can be especially bad coming out of tunnels.

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关于在强风区域行驶，以下哪项说法正确？ / Which of these statements about driving in areas with strong winds is true?

驶出隧道时风力问题尤为突出 / Winds are especially a problem when coming out of tunnels

应与其他车辆并排行驶以分散侧风 / You should drive alongside other vehicles to help break up the wind

车辆越轻越不受侧风影响 / The lighter your vehicle, the less trouble you will have with the wind

完全正确！解释：捆扎带需使用类型与强度合适的器材；所用捆扎的合力强度至少应达到货物（或同组货物）重量的 1.5 倍。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Tie-downs must be of the proper type and proper strength. Federal regulations require the aggregate working load limit of any securement system used to secure an article or group of articles against movement must be at least one and one-half times the weight of the article or group of articles.

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捆扎带必须类型与强度合适。用于固定货物的捆扎带**合力强度**至少应达到： / Tie downs must be of the proper type and strength. The combined strength of cargo tie downs must be strong enough to lift.

货物重量的 2 倍 / Twice the weight of the cargo tied down

货物重量的 3 倍 / Three times the weight of the cargo tied down

所捆扎货物自身的重量 / The weight of the cargo tied down

货物重量的 1.5 倍 / One and one-half times the weight of the cargo tied down

答对！说明：出发后前 50 英里内要检查货物及其固定装置，并按需做出调整。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Inspect the cargo and its securing devices within the first 50 miles after beginning a trip. Make any adjustments needed.

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出发后行驶了以下距离后检查你的货物： / Inspect your cargo after you have driven

50 英里 / 50 miles

以上皆不正确 / No answers are correct

100 英里 / 100 miles

25 英里 / 25 miles

答对！说明：重量分配不当会让车辆操控变得不安全。转向轴负重过大会导致转向发沉，还可能损伤转向桥和轮胎。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Poor weight balance can make vehicle handling unsafe. Too much weight on the steering axle can cause hard steering. It can damage the steering axle and tires.

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车辆的大部分重量压在转向轴上会导致什么结果？ / A vehicle is loaded with most of the weight on the steering axle. What may result?

操控更好 / Better handling

转向发沉，且可能损伤轮胎 / Hard steering and possible damage to the tires

转向轴附着力不足 / Too little traction on the steering axle

答对！说明：座椅必须对乘客安全。所有座椅都要牢固固定在车身上，不得松动或缺失。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: The seats must be safe for riders. All seats must be securely fastened to the bus, and not lose or missing.

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检查巴士座椅时，你需要留意哪些问题？ / When checking the bus seats, what are you looking for?

查看是否被拆除 / To see if they have been removed

确保坐垫与靠背部分不松动 / To insure the seat and back portions are not loose

以上皆正确 / All answers are correct

确保它们牢固固定在巴士上 / To insure they are securely fastened to the bus

完全正确！解释：优秀驾驶员会把视线放在前方 12–15 秒处，即相当于 12–15 秒内车辆将行驶的距离：低速约一个街区，高速约四分之一英里。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Most good drivers look at least 12 to 15 seconds ahead. That means looking ahead the distance you will travel in 12 to 15 seconds. At lower speeds, that's about one block. At highway speeds it's about a quarter of a mile.

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在高速公路上行驶时，你应向前观察的距离大约是： / The distance that you should look ahead of your vehicle while driving amounts to about _____ at highway speed.

500 英尺 / 500 feet

一个街区 / One block

1/4 英里 / 1/4 mile

答对！说明：统计表明，饮酒驾驶者发生事故的概率远高于未饮酒者。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Accident statistics show that the chance of a crash is much greater for drivers who have been drinking than for drivers who have not.

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随着血液酒精浓度（BAC）升高，会发生什么？ / As the blood alcohol concentration or BAC goes up, what will happen?

饮酒者能清楚地看到酒精对自己的影响 / The drinker clearly sees how alcohol is affecting them

酒精的影响会减弱 / The effects of alcohol decreases

饮酒者清醒所需时间更短 / The drinker can sober up in less time

如果允许驾驶，该人的危险性会更高 / The person becomes more dangerous if allowed to drive

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在具有良好牵引力的平地上启动公共汽车时，通常不需要： / When starting a bus on level ground with good traction, you usually do not need:

停车制动器 The parking brake

挂入前进挡 Selecting a forward gear

轻踩油门平稳起步 Applying light throttle for a smooth start

正确！说明：确保已拉好驻车制动，关闭发动机，并在不在驾驶室时把钥匙随身带走进行车辆检查。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Make sure the parking brake is set, turn off the engine, and take the key with you when you are not in the cab during your vehicle inspection.

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在出车前检查期间，你的点火钥匙应放在何处？ / Where should your ignition key be during your pre-trip inspection?

放在仪表台上 / On the dashboard

放在车门的置物袋里 / Pocket on the door

插在点火开关上 / In the ignition

放在你的口袋里 / In your pocket

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如果您因为分心而慢____，那么发生意外的几率可能翻倍。 / If you are distracted for ____ longer, your crash risk may double.

五秒 Five seconds

三十秒 Thirty seconds

半秒 Half a second

正确！说明：约 3/4 秒至 1 秒。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: ¾ second to 1 second.

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反应距离是从……到……之间行驶的距离 / The reaction distance is the distance traveled from the time

大脑下达踩刹车指令到脚实际踩下刹车踏板之间。 / the brain tells the foot to push the brake pedal to the time the foot actually pushes the pedal.

眼睛看到危险到脚踩下制动踏板之间。 / the eyes see a hazard to the time the foot pushes the brake pedal.

眼睛看到危险到大脑意识到那是危险之间。 / the eyes see a hazard to the time the brain knows that it is a hazard.

正确！说明：轴荷是由单根或一组车轴传递到地面的重量。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Axle Weight is the weight transmitted to the ground by one axle or one set of axles

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轴荷（Axle weight）的含义是？ / Axle weight means the following?

以上两项皆是 / Both above

以上皆不正确 / No answers are correct

由单根或一组车轴传递到地面的重量 / The weight transmitted to the ground by one axle or one set of axles

从车轴传递到轮胎上的重量 / The weight transmitted to the tires from the axle

说明：当驱动轮附着力较差时，缓速器（发动机减速）可能导致打滑。因此路面潮湿、结冰或积雪时应关闭缓速器。 / EXPLANATION: When your drive wheels have poor traction, the retarder may cause them to skid. Therefore, you should turn the retarder off whenever the road is wet, icy, or snow covered.

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缓速器（Retarder）： / Retarders:

允许你断开转向桥的制动 / Allow you to disconnect the steering axle brakes

在超低转速时效果更好 / Work better at very low rpm's

在路面湿滑时可能导致车辆打滑 / Can cause the vehicle to skid when the road is slippery

在州际公路上不能使用 / Cannot be used on interstate highways

正确！说明：观察危险是为了为突发情况争取规划脱险方案的时间。看到危险时，要及时思考可能演变的紧急情形，并预先想好你的应对。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: You look for the hazards in order to have time to plan a way out of any emergency. When you see a hazard, think about the emergencies that could develop and figure out what you would do.

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保持对危险的警觉最重要的原因是： / The most important reason for being alert to hazards is so:

事故报告会更加准确 / Accident reports will be accurate

可以联系执法人员 / Law enforcement personnel can be called

当危险演变为紧急情况时，你会有时间规划脱险方案 / You will have time to plan your escape if the hazard becomes an emergency

没错！说明：熟练驾驶者通常会提前 12–15 秒观察前方，即你在 12–15 秒内将行驶的距离；在低速情况下大约等于一个街区。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Most good drivers look at least 12 to 15 seconds ahead. That means looking ahead the distance you will travel in 12 to 15 seconds. At lower speeds, that's about one block.

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在市区行驶时，你应该向前观察多远？ / How far ahead should you be looking while driving in town?

约 1 个街区的距离 / 1 block

尽你所能看得越远越好 / As far ahead as you can see

约 2 个街区的距离 / 2 blocks

正确！说明：最重要的是选择不过快的安全车速，要综合考虑：车辆与货物的总重、下坡的长度与坡度、路况以及天气。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Your most important consideration is to select a speed that is not too fast for the: total weight of the vehicle and cargo, length of the grade, steepness of the grade, road conditions, and weather.

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山路下坡为安全需要使用低档。下列哪一项不会影响你选择挡位？ / When you drive in the mountains, you will have to use lower gears to drive safely down grades. Which of these does NOT affect your choice of gears?

轮胎花纹类型 / Type of tire tread

装载重量 / Weight of the load

下坡长度 / Length of the grade

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关于左转，哪项行动【不推荐】？ / Which action is NOT recommended when making a left turn?

由内侧车道开始，在转弯时占用到右边车道Start from the inside lane and swing into the right lane during the turn

提前观察路口并按车道线完成转弯Scan the intersection early and complete the turn within your lane

提前打转向灯并减速到合适速度Signal early and slow to an appropriate speed

完全正确！说明：你应始终能在可见距离内停下。大雾、降雨或其他状况可能要求你减速，以便能在所见距离内停车。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: You should always be able to stop within the distance you can see ahead. Fog, rain, or other conditions may require that you slowdown to be able to stop in the distance you can see.

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在有雾天气驾驶时，你应该以怎样的速度行驶？ / When driving in fog, you should be going?

比其他车更快 / Faster than other traffic

只要快到能在你前方可见距离内停车即可 / Only fast enough so that you can stop within the distance that you can see ahead

开得足够快以跟上其他驾驶者 / Fast enough to keep up with other drivers

答对！说明：气压会随温度上升而增大。不要放气，否则轮胎冷却后气压会过低。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Air pressure increases with temperature. Do not let air out or the pressure will be too low when the tires cool off.

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给高温轮胎放气 / Letting the air out of hot tires

是个坏主意，因为轮胎冷却后气压会过低。 / is a bad idea because when the tires cool off, the pressure will be too low.

是个好主意，因为可以释放多余气压。 / is a good idea because the extra pressure will be relieved.

能让轮胎更快降温，你也能更快继续行程。 / will cool them down. You will be able to continue your trip sooner.

完全没有影响。 / will have no effect at all.

正确！解释：大多数优秀驾驶员会把视线放在前方至少 12–15 秒处；在低速城市路段大约相当于一个街区的距离。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Most good drivers look at least 12 to 15 seconds ahead. At lower speeds, that's about one block. At highway speeds it's about a quarter of a mile.

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在拥挤路段行驶时，你应向前扫描观察的大致距离是？ / The distance that you should scan ahead in a congested area is about?

大约两个车身长度 / Two Vehicle lengths ahead

约一个街区 / One block

约 32 英尺 / 32 feet

正确！说明：机油压力应在发动机启动后的几秒内恢复到正常范围。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Oil pressure. Should come up to normal within seconds after engine is started.

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启动发动机后，机油压力表应在多长时间内恢复到正常范围？ / The oil pressure gauge should come up to normal within how long after starting the engine?

无所谓。 / It does not matter.

几秒钟内 / Seconds

几分钟后 / Minutes

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重型车辆往往比其他车辆慢。在驾驶重型车辆时，哪一项【不是】一个好的规则？ / Heavy vehicles are often slower than other vehicles. Which is NOT a good rule when driving a heavy vehicle?

与前车保持足够的跟车距离，给自己留出反应时间Keep enough following distance to allow time to react

当其他驾驶员可以安全超越你时发出信号Signal for other drivers to pass you when they can do so safely

保持在适当车道并稳定车速，避免不必要的变道Stay in an appropriate lane with a steady speed and avoid unnecessary lane changes

没错！说明：不论货物多小，至少也要使用两条捆绑带固定。 / Right! EXPLANATION: No matter how small the cargo, it should have at least two tie-downs.

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可能移动的货物至少需要 __ 条捆绑带。 / Cargo that can shift should have at least __ tie-down(s).

1（一条） / 1

3（三条） / 3

2（两条） / 2

没错！说明：在恶劣天气或山区路段，即便在法定最大载重以内也可能不安全；出发前应将此纳入考量。 / Right! EXPLANATION: During bad weather or in mountains, it may not be safe to operate at legal maximum weights. Take this into account before driving.

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说出两种即便在法定最大重量以内也可能不安全的运输情形。 / Name two situations in which the legal maximum weights may not be safe to haul.

恶劣天气；山区路段 / During bad weather; in mountains

穿越隧道；经过桥梁 / Through tunnels; over bridges

夜间；交通拥堵时 / At night; in heavy traffic

完全正确！说明：摆放三角警示牌时，应将其置于你与对向来车之间，便于其他驾驶者看见你，从而提升自身安全。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: When putting out the triangles, hold them between yourself and the oncoming traffic for your own safety, so other drivers can see you.

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为确保安全，摆放反光三角警示牌时你应该： / For your safety, when setting out reflective triangles you should:

把三角牌拿在身体侧面 / Carry the triangles at your side

把三角牌握在你与迎面来车之间 / Hold the triangles between your body and oncoming traffic

走到摆放位置时把三角牌藏起来 / Keep them out of sight while you walk to the spot where you set them out

正确！解释：各地法律与限制可能不同；需熟悉你将驶经的辖区规定。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Be familiar with the laws in the states you drive in. These laws can cover aspects such as vehicle weight, cargo, and allowed routes. The regulations can vary from one jurisdiction to another, so know which jurisdictions you'll be driving through.

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卡车和大巴受特定法律与规定的约束。下列哪项说法正确？ / Trucks and buses are subject to certain laws, restrictions, and regulations. Which of these statements is true?

法律与限制会因地而异。 / Laws and restrictions can vary from place to place.

从事跨州运输的卡车和大巴不受县、市法规约束。 / County and city laws do not apply to trucks and buses engaged in interstate commerce.

联邦法规只适用于每次行程至少 50 英里的卡车和大巴。 / Federal regulations apply only to trucks and buses driven at least 50 miles on a trip.

没错！说明：若检测到低于 0.04% 但可检出的酒精含量，将被停驶 24 小时。 / Right! EXPLANATION: You will be put out-of-service for 24 hours if you have any detectable amount of alcohol under .04%.

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如果你在公路休息区被拦检，血液酒精浓度（BAC）为 0.02，你将会： / If you are stopped at a roadside rest and found to have a BAC or blood alcohol concentration of .02 you will:

被停驶 72 小时 / Be placed out of service for 72 hours

被停驶 24 小时 / Be placed out of service for 24 hours

被停驶 48 小时 / Be placed out of service for 48 hours

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在与重型车辆交叉或并入交通时，以下哪项是正确的？ / When crossing or merging with heavy vehicles, which statement is correct?

重型车辆加速很快，所以给它们留更小空隙也没关系 Heavy vehicles accelerate very quickly, so smaller gaps are fine

重型车辆只要打转向灯，其他车辆必须立刻让出车道 If a heavy vehicle signals, other vehicles must immediately give up the lane

重型车辆并入车流时需要比小汽车更大的空隙 Heavy vehicles need a larger gap than cars to merge into traffic

正确！说明：点放式制动法是将刹车踩到底，当车轮抱死时立即松开。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: With the stab braking method, you apply your brakes all the way and release brakes when wheels lock up.

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点放式制动（Stab braking） / Stab braking

是把刹车踩到底，直到车轮抱死后再松开。 / involves releasing the brakes only after the wheels lock up.

绝不应使用。 / should never be used.

是在不抱死车轮的情况下持续均匀踩刹车。 / involves steady pressure on the brake pedal without locking the wheels.

正确！说明：1998年3月1日或之后生产的转换拖车架必须配备ABS；这类拖车架在左侧会有一个黄色指示灯。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Converter dollies built on or after March 1, 1998, are required to have antilock brakes. These dollies will have a yellow lamp on the left side of the dolly.

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1998年3月1日或之后制造的转换拖车架（converter dolly）必须配备防抱死制动（ABS）。这些拖车架上将配有 / Converter dollies built on or after March 1, 1998 are required to have anti-lock brakes. These dollies will have

位于拖车架右侧的黄色故障指示灯。 / a yellow malfunction lamp on the right side of the dolly.

位于拖车架左侧的黄色故障指示灯。 / a yellow malfunction lamp on the left side of the dolly.

一个位于拖车架中央的黄色故障指示灯。 / a yellow malfunction lamp in the center of the dolly.

正确！解释：总停车距离=感知距离+反应距离+制动滞后+制动距离；以 55 英里/小时计，至少约 450 英尺。 / Right! EXPLANATION: The total stopping distance is the total minimum distance your vehicle has traveled, in ideal conditions; with everything considered, including perception distance, reaction distance and braking distance, until you can bring your vehicle to a complete stop. At 55 mph, your vehicle will travel a minimum of 450 feet.

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一般来说，配有空气制动的车辆总停车距离大约是多少？ / On average, the total stopping distance with air brakes is?

约 450 英尺 / Approximately 450 feet

约 420 英尺 / Approximately 420 feet

约 400 英尺 / Approximately 400 feet

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为了防止刹车“失效”，你应该： / To prevent brake “fade/failure,” you should:

空挡滑行，这样发动机不会加热刹车 Coast in neutral so the engine won’t “heat up the brakes”

选择一种能在陡坡下保持车辆安全速度的档位 Select a gear that lets you maintain a safe speed on a steep downgrade

长时间持续踩刹车不放，直到坡底 Ride the brakes continuously all the way down the hill

完全正确！解释：在双向通行的两车道或未分隔的公路上停车时，应在车辆前/后角 10 英尺内放置一个警示装置，另在车辆前方和后方各约 100 英尺处（路肩或你停车的车道内）再放置一个，以标明车辆位置。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: If you stop on a two-lane road carrying traffic in both directions or on an undivided highway, place warning devices within 10 feet of the front or rear corners to mark the location of the vehicle and 100 feet behind and ahead of the vehicle, on the shoulder or in the lane you stopped in.

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在平直的双车道路边停车时，三角反光警示牌应放在什么位置？ / You must park on the side of a level, straight, two lane road. Where should you place the three reflective triangles?

在车尾 10 英尺内放置一个，车尾后方约 100 英尺处放一个，约 200 英尺处再放一个 / One within 10 feet of the rear of the vehicle, one about 100 feet to the rear, and one about 200 feet to the rear

在车尾 10 英尺内放置一个，车尾后方约 100 英尺处放一个，车头前方约 100 英尺处再放一个 / One within 10 feet of the rear of the vehicle, one about 100 feet to the rear, and one about 100 feet from the front of the vehicle

在车头 10 英尺内放置一个，车头前方约 200 英尺处放一个，车尾后方约 100 英尺处再放一个 / One within 10 feet of the front of the vehicle, one about 200 feet from the front, and one about 100 feet to the rear

在车尾后方约 50 英尺处放一个，约 100 英尺处放一个，车头前方约 100 英尺处再放一个 / One about 50 feet from the rear of the vehicle, one about 100 feet to the rear, and one about 100 feet from the front of the vehicle

答对！解释：摇臂、主销、转向横拉杆以及转向器等都属于转向系统部件。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: The pitman arm, spindle, tie rod, and steering gear box are all parts of the steering system.

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说出一些重要的转向系统部件。 / Name some important steering system parts.

钢板弹簧、车架、扭力杆 / Leaf spring, vehicle frame, and torque rod

主钢板弹簧、车轴、弹簧吊耳 / Main spring, axle, and spring shackle

转向横拉杆、主销、摇臂 / Tie rod, spindle, and pitman arm

正确！解释：作为车辆检查的一部分，确保不过载且货物平衡并牢固固定；行驶 3 小时或 150 英里后、以及每次休息后，都要再次检查。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: As part of your Vehicle inspection, make sure the truck is not overloaded and the cargo is balanced and secured properly. You need to inspect again: after you have driven for 3 hours or 150 miles, and after every break you take during driving.

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你必须在何时检查所载货物？ / You must inspect your cargo:

出发前 / Before starting

行驶每 3 小时或 150 英里后 / Every 3 hours or 150 miles

每次休息之后 / After every break

以上皆是 / All answers are correct

37 / 50

你应该经常检查制动调整吗？ / Should you frequently check brake adjustment?

不需要，制动器会自动永远保持最佳调整 No, brakes always stay perfectly adjusted automatically

只要车辆能停住，就永远不需要检查制动调整 If the vehicle stops, you never need to check brake adjustment

是的，因为大量使用后可能会失去准确性 Yes, because heavy use can cause them to go out of adjustment

正确！解释：总停车距离 = 感知距离 + 反应距离 + 制动距离；（空气制动车辆还需计入制动滞后距离）。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Stopping distance is the sum of your Perception Distance + Reaction Distance + Braking Distance. In vehicles with air brakes you must include the brake lag distance.

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“总停车距离” 等于： / Total stopping distance equals

感知距离 + 反应距离 + 制动距离。 / perception distance + reaction distance + braking distance.

反应距离 + 制动距离。 / reaction distance + braking distance.

反应距离 + 观察距离 + 制动距离。 / reaction distance + viewing distance + braking distance.

制动距离 + 停车距离。 / braking distance + stopping distance.

答对！解释：碰撞高空障碍物很危险；不确定净空高度时必须停车确认，确保上方净空无虞。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Hitting overhead objects is a danger. Make sure you always have overhead clearance.

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驾驶高度超过 13 英尺的商用车辆时，你应该： / When driving a commercial vehicle with a height over 13 feet you should:

若不确定净空高度，必须停车确认 / If you aren't sure about the clearance, stop and make sure

只要在州或联邦公路上行驶就无需担心净空高度 / Not worry about the clearance if you stay on the state or federal highways

以上皆是 / All answers are correct

假定所有净空都足够高 / Assume all clearances are high enough

正确！解释：最重要的是安全。根据你的车辆与货物、坡度长短与陡缓、路况和天气，在限速范围内选取安全车速。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Your most important consideration is to select a speed that is not too fast for the: total weight of the vehicle and cargo, length of the grade, steepness of the grade, road conditions, and weather.

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在长坡路段驾驶时，选择安全车速的最佳做法是： / When driving on grades, which of these is the best choice for a safe speed?

根据你的车辆与货物情况，在限速范围内选择安全车速。 / Based on your vehicle and its cargo, select a speed that is safe within the posted limit.

载重轻就比重载时开得更快。 / If you have a light load, go faster than you would with a heavy load.

跟着前车走。 / Follow the vehicle in front of you.

正确！解释：在冰霜堆积成为危险之前就应处理；若雨刷片上结冰，可能无法充分清洁挡风玻璃。请在安全地点停车并清除冰霜。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Before the ice buildup becomes dangerous you should stop in a safe location and clear off the ice. With ice on the wiper blade it might not clear the windshield enough for safe driving.

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行驶中雨刷器结冰，已无法有效清洁挡风玻璃。你应该怎么做？ / While driving, ice builds up on your wipers and they no longer clean the windshield. You should:

继续行驶，同时打开除雾/暖风 / Keep driving, and turn your defroster on

在安全地点靠边停车并清除冰霜 / Pull over in a safe place and remove the ice

继续行驶，并把手伸出窗外敲掉冰霜 / Keep driving, and reach out the window and knock the ice off

42 / 50

哪些关于行前检查的陈述是真的？ / Which statement about a pre-trip inspection is true?

行前检查只要看仪表盘，不需要下车检查 A pre-trip inspection only requires checking the dashboard; no need to get out

只要昨天检查过，今天就可以完全跳过行前检查 If you checked yesterday, you can skip the pre-trip inspection today

如果您需要倾斜车辆，固定好松散物品，避免其移位掉落造成损坏 If you need to tilt the vehicle, secure loose items to prevent shifting/falling and damage

正确！解释：人体平均每小时大致代谢约一杯酒精；其余会在血液中累积。 / Right! EXPLANATION: —the rest builds up in your blood.

43 / 50

人体清除四杯酒精大约需要多少小时？ / It takes the body about _____ hours to get rid of the alcohol in four drinks.

6 小时 / 6

2 小时 / 2

4 小时 / 4

答对！解释：刹车进水会导致制动力减弱、左右作用不均或“忽紧忽松”；可能出现制动效能不足、单侧抱死、车辆跑偏，牵引挂车时甚至会发生折刀。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Water in the brakes can cause the brakes to be weak, to apply unevenly, or to grab. This can cause lack of braking power, wheel lockups, pulling to one side or the other, and jackknife if you pull a trailer.

44 / 50

刹车受潮（进水）会带来哪些影响？ / What effects can wet brakes cause?

你的脚会累。 / Your foot can get tired.

刹车可能忽紧忽松，或制动力减弱。 / Brakes can grab or become weak.

刹车反而会更灵。 / Brakes can work better.

完全正确！说明：运输敞载货物时，可用后视镜查看货物。遇到变道、转弯、并线或狭窄操作等情形，要比平时更频繁地看镜子；用镜子确认交通空隙足够大，确保安全进入。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: If you're carrying open cargo, you can use the mirrors to check it. Special situations require more than regular mirror checks including; lane changes, turns, merges, and tight maneuvers. Use your mirrors to make sure the gap in traffic is large enough for you to enter safely.

45 / 50

你应通过后视镜检查： / You should use your mirrors to check:

轮胎与货物的状况 / The condition of the tires and cargo

并线前的交通空隙 / Traffic gaps before you merge

以上皆正确 / All answers are correct

转弯时车辆后轮所在的位置 / Where the rear wheels of your vehicle are while you make turns

没错！说明：某些天气下，路面会积水或泥浆。这时车辆可能发生水膜滑行，就像滑水一样——轮胎与路面失去接触，几乎没有附着力，你可能无法转向或制动。 / Right! EXPLANATION: In some weather, water or slush collects on the road. When this happens, your vehicle can hydroplane. It's like water skiing--the tires lose their contact with the road and have little or no traction. You may not be able to steer or brake.

46 / 50

什么是“水膜滑行”（hydroplaning）？ / What is hydroplaning?

在雪地行驶 / Driving in the snow

当你压到坑洞时 / When you hit a pothole

当轮胎掠过路面漂浮起来 / When the tires skim over the road surface

47 / 50

你如何计算你有多少秒的跟车距离？ / How do you measure your following distance in seconds?

等到前方车辆通过一个清晰地标，然后开始计秒，直到你到达同一地点 Wait for the vehicle ahead to pass a clear landmark, then count seconds until you reach it

只要能看到前车后轮，就说明秒数距离足够 If you can see the rear tires of the vehicle ahead, your seconds are sufficient

看车速表：每10英里/小时等于1秒跟车距离 Use the speedometer: every 10 mph equals 1 second of following distance

没错！说明：车辆起火的常见原因包括：燃油泄漏、错误使用照明信号火炬（flares）、轮胎气压不足、双胎互相接触、短路与接线松动、加油不当、油路接头松动、易燃货物、封装或装载不当、通风不良等。 / Right! EXPLANATION: The following are some causes of vehicle fires: spilled fuel, improper use of flares, under-inflated tires , duals that touch, short circuits, loose connections, improper fueling, loose fuel connections, flammable cargo, improperly sealed or loaded cargo or with poor ventilation.

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关于车辆起火的原因，下列哪项说法是正确的？ / Which of these statements is true about causes of vehicle fires?

携带状态良好的灭火器有助于预防火灾。 / Carrying a properly charged fire extinguisher will help prevent fires.

轮胎气压不足*不会*导致车辆起火。 / Underinflated tires will NOT cause a vehicle fire.

挂车通风不良可能导致易燃货物起火。 / Poor trailer ventilation can cause flammable cargo to catch fire.

完全正确！解释：当轮胎失去抓地力时就会发生打滑。多数严重打滑源于在道路状况下车速过快。根据路况调整驾驶的司机不会过度加速，也不必因车速过高而过度制动或过度转向。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: A skid happens whenever the tires lose their grip on the road. Most serious skids result from driving too fast for road conditions. Drivers who adjust their driving to conditions don't overaccelerate and don't have to over-brake or oversteer from too much speed.

49 / 50

导致严重车辆打滑最常见的原因是： / The most common cause of serious vehicle skids is:

在道路状况下车速过快 / Driving too fast for road conditions

道路设计不佳 / Poorly designed roads

制动器调整不良 / Poorly adjusted brakes

轮胎状况差 / Bad tires

答对！解释：覆盖货物有两大原因：保护人员免受泄漏货物的伤害，以及保护货物免受天气影响；许多州将“防止泄漏”作为安全要求。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: There are two basic reasons for covering cargo: to protect people from spilled cargo, and to protect the cargo from weather. Spill protection is a safety requirement in many states. Be familiar with the laws in the states you drive in.

50 / 50

货物覆盖物（篷布等）的作用是： / Cargo covers:

可能是法规要求的 / May be required by law

以上皆是 / All answers are correct

保护货物免受天气影响 / Protect cargo from weather

防止人员被泄漏货物伤害 / Protect people from spilled cargo

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