通用知识测试 – 卡友助手

通用知识测试

题库共有484题，每次随机刷新50题，正确率80%以上即为通过。

Updated: Jan 02 2026

正确！解释：有些驾驶者总是用近光，这会严重缩短视距。应在合法且安全时使用远光，并将车内照明调至尽可能低以免眩光。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Some drivers make the mistake of always using low beams. This seriously cuts down on their ability to see ahead. Use high beams when it is safe and legal to do so. Use them when you are not within 500 feet of another vehicle. Keep the interior light off and adjust your instrument lights as low as you can to still be able to read the gauges.

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在晴朗的夜晚、路灯稀少的区域行驶，如果仅靠前照灯视线仍不佳，你应该： / When driving in an area with few streetlights on a clear night, if you cannot see well with your headlights, you should

在合法时使用远光，并关闭车内照明。 / use your high beams when legal and keep your interior lights off.

改走照明更好的路线。 / find another route that is better lit.

打开车内照明。 / turn your interior lights on.

正确！说明：典型的牵引半挂车通过单股铁轨至少需要 14 秒，通过双股铁轨需要超过 15 秒。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: It takes a typical tractor-trailer unit at least 14 seconds to clear a single track and more than 15 seconds to clear a double track.

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一辆典型的牵引车-半挂车通过双股铁轨需要多长时间？ / How long does it take a typical tractor-trailer to clear a double railroad track?

14 秒 / 14 seconds

超过 30 秒 / More than 30 seconds

10 秒 / 10 seconds

超过 15 秒 / More than 15 seconds

没错！说明：车辆重心高度对操控安全非常重要。重心高更易侧翻，尤其在弯道或急避让时。 / Right! EXPLANATION: The height of the vehicle's center of gravity is very important for safe handling. A high center of gravity means you are more likely to tip over. It is most dangerous in curves, or if you have to swerve to avoid a hazard.

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车辆重心高度对操控安全非常重要。重心越高，越容易： / The height of the vehicle center of gravity is very important for safe handling. A high center of gravity means you are more likely to do the following:

增加制动距离 / Increase stopping distance

以上都不正确 / No answers are correct

下坡速度更快 / Increase speed going downhill

发生侧翻 / Tip over

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为了防止刹车“失效”，你应该： / To prevent brake “fade/failure,” you should:

空挡滑行，这样发动机不会加热刹车 Coast in neutral so the engine won’t “heat up the brakes”

长时间持续踩刹车不放，直到坡底 Ride the brakes continuously all the way down the hill

选择一种能在陡坡下保持车辆安全速度的档位 Select a gear that lets you maintain a safe speed on a steep downgrade

正确！解释：作为车辆检查的一部分，确保不过载且货物平衡并牢固固定；行驶 3 小时或 150 英里后、以及每次休息后，都要再次检查。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: As part of your Vehicle inspection, make sure the truck is not overloaded and the cargo is balanced and secured properly. You need to inspect again: after you have driven for 3 hours or 150 miles, and after every break you take during driving.

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你必须在何时检查所载货物？ / You must inspect your cargo:

以上皆是 / All answers are correct

出发前 / Before starting

行驶每 3 小时或 150 英里后 / Every 3 hours or 150 miles

每次休息之后 / After every break

说明：B:C 类灭火器适用于电气火灾和可燃液体火灾，不适用于木材等 A 类火灾。 / EXPLANATION: The B:C type fire extinguisher is designed to work on electrical fires and burning liquids, not on wood.

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下列哪种类型的火灾不应使用 B:C 类灭火器？ / On which of the following types of fires should you NOT use a B:C fire extinguisher?

木材（A类火灾） / Wood

汽油（B类火灾） / Gasoline

油脂（B类火灾） / Grease

电气（C类火灾） / Electrical

没错！说明：第一步是把车驶离道路并停下：停在开阔区域，远离建筑物、树木、灌木、其他车辆或任何可能被引燃的物体。不要开进加油/维修站！ / Right! EXPLANATION: The first step is to get the vehicle off the road and stop. In doing so: park in an open area, away from buildings, trees, brush, other vehicles, or anything that might catch fire. Don't pull into a service station!

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行驶中车辆起火时首先应采取的步骤是： / The first step to take if your vehicle catches fire while driving is:

将车驶离道路并停在开阔处 / Get the vehicle off the road and stop in an open area

开往最近的加油/维修站 / Head for the nearest service station

立刻开门跳车 / Immediately open the door and jump out

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桥梁承载要求是： / Bridge weight requirements mean:

相邻车轴的重量加总必须小于限制轴重 The combined weight of adjacent axles must be less than the posted axle limit

只要总重不超标，相邻轴重不需要管 As long as gross weight is fine, adjacent axle weight does not matter

桥梁限重只适用于小汽车，不适用于卡车 Bridge limits apply only to cars, not trucks

答对！说明：由加速引起的侧滑常见于冰雪路面。松开油门通常就能很快制止；若非常湿滑，可踩下离合器，否则发动机可能阻碍车轮自由滚动、难以恢复附着。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Skids caused by acceleration usually happen on ice or snow. Taking your foot off the accelerator can easily stop them. If it is very slippery, push the clutch in. Otherwise, the engine can keep the wheels from rolling freely and regaining traction.

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你从静止起步给驱动轮加油时，它们开始空转。你应该： / You are starting your vehicle in motion from a stop, as you apply power to the drive wheels they start to spin. You should:

松开油门 / Take your foot off the accelerator

尝试更低挡位 / Try a lower gear

松开油门并踩刹车 / Take your foot off the accelerator and apply the brakes

正确！说明：最重要的是选择不过快的安全车速，要综合考虑：车辆与货物的总重、下坡的长度与坡度、路况以及天气。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Your most important consideration is to select a speed that is not too fast for the: total weight of the vehicle and cargo, length of the grade, steepness of the grade, road conditions, and weather.

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山路下坡为安全需要使用低档。下列哪一项不会影响你选择挡位？ / When you drive in the mountains, you will have to use lower gears to drive safely down grades. Which of these does NOT affect your choice of gears?

轮胎花纹类型 / Type of tire tread

下坡长度 / Length of the grade

装载重量 / Weight of the load

答对！说明：若货物不需要张贴危险品警示牌，你可以驾驶；一旦需要张贴，就必须持有危险品资格（HME）方可驾驶。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: You can drive a vehicle that carries hazardous materials if it does not require placards. If it requires placards, you cannot drive it unless your driver license has the hazardous materials endorsement.

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你的商业驾照没有危险品资格（HME）。有人要求你驾驶一辆张贴了危险品警示牌的车辆运输危险品。你应该： / You do not have a hazardous materials endorsement on your commercial driver's license. You are asked to haul hazardous materials in a placarded vehicle. You should:

拒绝承运该货物 / Refuse to haul the load

先完成运输，再向交通部门提交报告 / Haul the load, but file a report with the department of transportation after the trip

先把货物运到最近可以由持有危险品资格的驾驶员接手的地点 / Haul the load, but only to the nearest place where a driver with a hazardous materials endorsement can take over

把车辆上的危险品警示牌取下来 / Take the placards off the vehicle

正确！解释：货物每 10 英尺至少需要 1 条捆扎；务必确保数量足够。因此 20 英尺的货物至少需要 2 条。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Cargo should have at least one tie-down for each ten feet of cargo. Make sure you have enough tiedowns to meet this need. For a 20-foot load you would need at least 2 tie downs.

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一件 20 英尺长的货物至少需要多少条捆扎？ / How many tie-downs are required for a 20-foot load?

2 条 / 2

1 条 / 1

3 条 / 3

4 条 / 4

答对！说明：当发动机转速接近限速转速、且变速器处于低挡位时，发动机制动效果最强。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: The braking effect of the engine is greatest when it is near the governed rpms and the transmission is in the lower gears.

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当发动机转速_____限速转速（governed rpm），且变速器处于_____挡位时，发动机制动效果最强。 / The braking effect of the engine is greatest when the engine is _____ the governed rpm and the transmission is in the ______ gears.

低于；高 / below; higher

接近；低 / near; lower

高于；低 / above; lower

答对！解释：通过点刹让刹车灯闪烁来警示后车，避免突然停车。若前方有需要减速的危险，应提前点刹提醒后车。拂晓、黄昏、下雨或下雪时要让自己更醒目，请打开车灯。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Warn following drivers by flashing your brake lights, don't stop suddenly. If you see a hazard that will require slowing down, warn the drivers behind by flashing your brake lights. At dawn, dusk, in rain, or snow, you need to make yourself easier to see so turn on your lights.

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以下哪项是车辆灯光及双闪的正确用法？ / Which of these is a proper use of vehicle lights and flashers?

通过点刹让刹车灯闪烁，提醒后车前方有需要减速的危险 / Flashing your brake lights to warn someone behind you of a hazard that will require slowing down

白天遇到雨雪导致能见度降低时，打开前照灯 / Turning on your headlights during the day when visibility is reduced due to rain or snow

以上皆是 / All answers are correct

通过点刹让刹车灯闪烁，提醒后车你即将在路面上停车 / Flashing your brake lights to warn someone behind you that you're are going to stop on the road

正确！解释：长期睡眠不足会“欠下睡眠债”，只能通过补觉偿还；意志力、咖啡或新鲜空气都不能抹消它。一般人每 24 小时需要约 7–8 小时睡眠。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: If you don't sleep enough, you "owe" more sleep to yourself. This debt can only be paid off by sleeping. You can't overcome it with willpower, and it won't go away by itself. The average person needs seven or eight hours of sleep every 24 hours.

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“睡眠债”的定义是什么？ / What is the definition of "sleep debt?"

你在旅馆休息后欠下的钱 / The money you owe hotels after resting there

你每天睡眠的时长 / The amount of sleep you get each day

长期睡眠不足的累积效应 / The cumulative effect of not getting enough sleep

正确！解释：时刻观察并预判危险，根据观察结果提前采取行动，这种“防御性驾驶”能提升你与所有道路使用者的安全。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Always be prepared to act based on your plans. In this way, you will be a prepared, defensive driver who will improve your own safety as well as the safety of all road users.

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最优秀的驾驶员会观察并提前为风险做准备，这称为： / The best drivers are those who watch and prepare for hazards. This is called being

进攻式。 / offensive.

防御性。 / defensive.

客观的。 / objective.

正确！解释：对向车辆偏入你的车道时，通常向右侧避让最好；一旦对方意识到偏离，往往会自然回到其原车道。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: If an oncoming driver has drifted into your lane, a move to your right is best. If that driver realizes what has happened, the natural response will be to return to his or her own lane.

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你在双车道行驶，对向车辆偏入你的车道直冲而来，通常最佳的做法是： / You are driving on a two-lane road. An oncoming driver drifts into your lane and is headed straight for you. Which of these is generally the best action?

紧急重刹 / Hard braking

驶向左侧路肩 / Steer onto the left shoulder

向右转向避让 / Steer to the right

驶入对向车道避让 / Steer into the oncoming lane

答对！说明：任何事故现场的基本步骤是：先保护现场，再通知有关部门，然后救助伤者。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: The basic steps to be taken at any accident are to: protect the area, notify authorities, care for the injured.

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如果你没有 CB 对讲机，在事故现场你首先应该做什么？ / If you do not have a CB radio, what is the first thing you should do at an accident scene?

先保护事故现场。 / Protect the accident scene.

先清理现场。 / Clear the area.

挥手拦车求助。 / Flag down help.

完全正确！解释：离开车辆前务必拉紧驻车制动或垫好车轮止滑块，避免车辆自行滑移造成人身或财产损失。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: Never leave your vehicle unattended without applying the parking brakes or chocking the wheels. Your vehicle might roll away and cause injury and damage.

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每次你停车并熄火时，你都应该： / Every time you park your vehicle and shut the engine off, you should

拉起驻车制动。 / apply the parking brake.

把方向盘尽量向左打满。 / turn the steering wheel as far to the left as you can.

（手动挡）保持挂挡。 / leave it in gear (if it has a manual transmission).

没错！说明：方向盘游隙超过 10 度（20 英寸方向盘外圈约 2 英寸的位移）会使转向困难。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Steering wheel play of more than 10 degrees (approximately 2 inches movement at the rim of a 20-inch steering wheel) can make it hard to steer.

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你在进行出车前检查，正在检查转向系统与排气系统。以下哪项说法正确？ / You are checking your steering and exhaust systems for a pre-trip inspection. Which of these statements is true?

只要泄漏发生在驾驶室外，排气系统泄漏不成问题 / Leaks in the exhaust system are not a problem if they are outside the cab

动力转向液有些渗漏属于正常 / Some leakage of power steering fluid is normal

方向盘游隙超过 10 度会使转向困难 / Steering wheel play of more than 10 degrees can make it hard to steer

正确！解释：驶出高速前先完成必要的观察与信号提示，在匝道内平稳减速；切勿在弯中才降挡或在匝道顶端紧急停车。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: When exiting the expressway: Make necessary traffic checks, use proper signals, decelerate smoothly in the exit lane.

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你驾驶重型车辆需要从下坡弯形匝道驶出高速公路。你应该： / You are driving a heavy vehicle and must exit a highway using an off-ramp that curves downhill. You should:

在入弯前降至安全速度 / Slow down to a safe speed before the turn

进入弯道后再降挡 / Wait until you are in the curve before downshifting

降到匝道限速即可 / Slow to the posted speed limit for the off-ramp

在匝道起点完全停车 / Come to a full stop at the top of the ramp

完全正确！说明：为安全起见，应：留意各类仪表是否异常，运用感官排查问题（看、听、闻、必要时触摸），并在每次停车时检查关键项目。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: For safety you should: watch gauges for signs of trouble, use your senses to check for problems (look, listen, smell, feel), and check critical items when you stop.

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行车途中你应该检查哪些事项？ / What things should you check during a trip?

在本车道内左右小幅摆动以检查载荷是否稳定 / Check load stability by slightly swerving left to right in your lane.

观察各类仪表与后视镜，并运用感官排查问题：看、听、闻。 / Watch gauges and mirrors and use your senses to check for problems: LOOK, LISTEN, and SMELL.

查看地图、导航与天气预报。 / Check your maps and directions and the weather report.

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当你避开车祸时，哪一项是正确的？ / When avoiding a crash, which statement is correct?

为了躲避，尽可能把方向盘打满 Turn the steering wheel as far as possible

避让时可以松开方向盘让车自己走 Let go of the wheel and let the vehicle steer itself

不要过多地转动方向盘 Do not oversteer (don’t turn the wheel too much)

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当你必须离开公路以避免危险或紧急情况时，你应该牢记： / When you must leave the roadway to avoid danger or an emergency, remember:

遇到紧急情况就立刻猛打方向盘冲出道路 In an emergency, immediately jerk the wheel off the road

绝对不要上路肩，否则一定会翻车 Never use the shoulder; it will definitely cause a rollover

宁可选择驶上路肩也不要冒险与其他车辆碰撞 It’s better to take the shoulder than risk a collision with another vehicle

答对！解释：若对向车辆偏入你的车道，向右避让可避免迎头相撞；右侧路肩有时还能提供额外空间，但左侧可能正有人超车。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: If an oncoming driver has drifted into your lane, a move to your right is best. If that driver realizes what has happened, the natural response will be to return to their own lane. No one is likely to be driving on the shoulder, but someone may be passing you on the left.

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绕开障碍物时，向右避让而不是向左有什么好处？ / What are some advantages of going right instead of left around an obstacle?

以上两项都对。 / Both of these answers are correct.

左侧可能正有人超车。 / Someone may be passing to the left.

可避免迎头相撞。 / You can avoid a head-on collision.

正确！说明：罐式运输因重心高、液体会流动，因而需要特殊驾驶技巧。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Hauling liquids in tanks requires special skills because of the high center of gravity and liquid movement.

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关于罐式车辆，下列哪项说法正确？ / Which of the following statements about tank vehicles is true?

运输液体罐体需要特殊技能。 / Special skills are required to haul liquid tanks.

所有罐式车辆都配有某种隔板或防浪板。 / All tank vehicles have some sort of bulkhead or baffle.

“罐式车辆”一词仅指装有固定式罐体的车辆 / The term "tank vehicle" refers only to those vehicles having a permanently attached tank.

答对！说明：大多数熟练驾驶员会至少向前观察 12–15 秒的距离，也就是车辆在 12–15 秒内将行驶的距离。低速时约为一个街区；高速行驶时约为四分之一英里。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Most good drivers look at least 12 to 15 seconds ahead. That means looking ahead the distance you will travel in 12 to 15 seconds. At lower speeds, that's about one block. At highway speeds it's about a quarter of a mile.

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在高速公路速度行驶时，你应该向前观察的距离大约为_______。 / The distance that you should look ahead of your vehicle while driving is about _______ at highway speed.

1/4 英里 / 1/4 mile

1 英里 / 1 mile

25 英尺 / 25 feet

答对！解释：“识别—预测—决策—执行”是一套系统的防御性驾驶流程，帮助你在复杂交通环境中更安全地处理风险。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Identify, Predict, Decide, and Execute (IPDE) is the step-by-step process behind the principles of defensive driving and complexities of visual perception in traffic.

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什么是“识别—预测—决策—执行”驾驶法？ / What is the I.P.D.E. method of driving?

识别、预测、决策、执行 / Identify, predict, decide, execute

想法、预测、决策、执行 / Idea, predicts, decide, execute

识别、投向、奉献、执行 / Identify, project, dedicate, execute

正确！说明：若路肩安全，应继续在路肩上行驶直至完全停稳；回到车道前要打转向并观察后视镜。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: If the shoulder is clear, stay on it until your vehicle has come to a stop. Signal and check your mirrors before pulling back onto the road.

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为避免碰撞，你不得不驶入右侧路肩，现在你在路肩上以 40 英里/小时行驶。你应如何回到铺装路面？ / To avoid a crash, you had to drive onto the right shoulder. You are now driving at 40 mph on the shoulder. How should you move back onto the pavement?

保持当前速度，非常轻柔地回到路面 / Keep moving at the present speed and steer very gently back onto the pavement

先重踩刹车减速，然后猛打方向回到路面 / Brake hard to slow the vehicle then, steer sharply onto the pavement

如有可能，先完全停稳，再转向回到铺装路面 / Come to a complete stop if possible, before steering back onto the pavement

答对！解释：湿路会显著增加刹车距离；在湿路应将车速降低约三分之一；在压实积雪上至少降低一半；若路面结冰，应降至爬行速度，并在确保安全时尽快停车。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Wet roads can double stopping distance. You must drive slower to be able to stop in the same distance as on a dry road. Reduce speed by about one-third on a wet road. On packed snow, reduce speed by a half, or more. If the surface is icy, reduce speed to a crawl and stop driving as soon as you can safely do so.

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以下关于车速控制的说法哪项正确？ / Which of these statements about speed management is true?

以上两项说法都正确。 / Both of the above answers are true.

在湿滑路面应将车速降低约三分之一。 / On a wet road, you should reduce your speed by about 1/3.

在压实积雪上应将车速降低约一半。 / On packed snow, you should reduce your speed by about 1/2.

完全正确！解释：无论货物多小，至少应使用两条捆扎固定。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: No matter how small the cargo, it should have at least two tie-downs.

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无论货物多小，至少应配备： / No matter how small the cargo is, it should have at least:

小件货物无需捆扎 / Small loads do not have to have tie downs

1 条捆扎 / One tie down

2 条捆扎 / Two tie downs

正确！解释：大型车辆常配凸面镜，其视野更广，但物体看起来更小更远，因此实际距离比镜中看起来更近。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: Many large vehicles have curved mirrors that show a wider area than flat mirrors. This is often helpful, but everything appears smaller in a convex mirror than it would if you were looking at it directly. Things also seem farther away than they really are.

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凸面（弧形）后视镜： / Convex curved mirrors

会让物体看起来比实际更近。 / make objects appear closer than they really are.

显示的视野范围比平面镜更广。 / show a wider area than flat mirrors.

会让物体看起来比实际更大。 / make objects appear larger than they really are.

答对！说明：避险车道的作用是让失控车辆安全停下，不伤及司机和乘客。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Escape ramps are made to stop runaway vehicles safely without injuring drivers and passengers.

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卡车避险车道： / Truck escape ramps:

旨在保护车辆免受损坏 / Are designed to protect vehicles from damage

除非在下坡刹车失灵后已尝试其他一切自救办法，否则不应使用 / Should not be used unless you have first tried all other ways to save your vehicle after brake failure on a downgrade

某些重型车辆不能使用 / Cannot be used by certain types of heavy vehicles

答对！解释：刹车进水会导致制动力减弱、左右作用不均或“忽紧忽松”；可能出现制动效能不足、单侧抱死、车辆跑偏，牵引挂车时甚至会发生折刀。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Water in the brakes can cause the brakes to be weak, to apply unevenly, or to grab. This can cause lack of braking power, wheel lockups, pulling to one side or the other, and jackknife if you pull a trailer.

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刹车受潮（进水）会带来哪些影响？ / What effects can wet brakes cause?

刹车可能忽紧忽松，或制动力减弱。 / Brakes can grab or become weak.

你的脚会累。 / Your foot can get tired.

刹车反而会更灵。 / Brakes can work better.

正确！解释：确保轮胎胎纹深度足够，并且在雪地上有足够附着力以便转向和“推着”车辆通过；在冬季这尤为重要。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Make sure you have enough tread on your tires. The drive tires must provide traction to push the rig over wet pavement and through snow. The steering tires must have traction to steer the vehicle. Enough tread is especially important in winter conditions.

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在寒冷天气行车时，你的轮胎必须： / When you're driving in cold weather, your tires must

胎纹深度至少为 6/32 英寸。 / have at least 6/32-inch tread depth.

胎纹深度至少为 4/32 英寸。 / have at least 4/32-inch tread depth.

提供足够的附着力，以便在雪地中转向并“推着”车辆前行。 / provide enough traction to steer and push the vehicle through snow.

正确！说明：缓速器基本分为四类：排气式、发动机式、液压式与电力式。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: There are four basic types of retarders: exhaust, engine, hydraulic, and electric.

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缓速器（Retarder）有哪几种类型？ / Retarders are used by?

排气式、电力式、液压式与发动机式 / Exhaust, electrical, hydraulics, and engine

脚刹系统 / Brake system

机器人系统 / Robotics

正确！解释：“陈绿灯”是已经持续绿灯一段时间、随时可能变黄/变红的信号灯，应提前准备减速。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: A stale green light is a traffic light that is green when you first see it, thus you do not know how long it has been green - so we have to assume it will change at any moment.

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“陈绿灯”（）指的是什么？ / A stale green light means?

前方信号灯已经绿了有一段时间 / The light ahead has been green for quite a while

前方信号灯刚刚变为红灯 / The light ahead has just turned red

前方信号灯刚刚变为绿灯 / The light ahead just turned green

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如果你不确定自己的车辆是否有足够的车顶净空，你该怎么做？ / If you are not sure you have enough overhead clearance, what should you do?

找到另一条没有限高的行驶路线 Find another route with no low clearances

加速通过，这样“更容易过” Speed up so it’s “easier to clear”

慢慢开过去并祈祷不会刮到 Creep forward and hope you don’t hit anything

完全正确！说明：一个实用法则：在时速低于 40 英里时，每 10 英尺车长留 1 秒跟车时间；更高速度时，为安全需额外增加 1 秒。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: One good rule says you need at least one second for each 10 feet of vehicle length at speeds below 40 mph. At greater speeds, you must add 1 second for safety.

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如果你驾驶 30 英尺长的车辆以 55 英里/小时行驶，应留出多少秒的跟车距离？ / If you are traveling at 55 mph in a 30-foot vehicle, you should leave how many seconds of following distance?

3 秒 / 3 seconds

7 秒 / 7 seconds

6 秒 / 6 seconds

4 秒 / 4 seconds

完全正确！解释：首次违规将至少吊销商业驾驶执照 1 年：当血液酒精浓度达到或超过 0.04% 时驾驶商用车辆，或在酒精影响下驾驶商用车辆。 / Exactly! EXPLANATION: You will lose your CDL for at least one year for a first offense for: Driving a CMV if your blood alcohol concentration is .04% or higher or driving a CMV under the influence of alcohol.

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如果你驾驶商用车辆因酒驾被判有罪，且为首次违规，你最可能会受到： / If you are convicted for driving under the influence while driving a commercial vehicle, and this is your first offense, you will most likely get:

罚款 500 美元 / A fine of $500.00

至少吊销你的商业驾驶执照 1 年 / At least a one-year suspension of your CDL

警告 / A warning

正确！解释：制动通过摩擦使车辆减速；车速越高或车辆越重，要停车需要吸收的热量越多。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Applying the brakes causes friction to slow the vehicle, the faster it is moving, or the heavier it is the more heat that must be absorbed to stop the vehicle.

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以下关于制动器的说法，哪项正确？ / Which of these statements about brakes is true?

制动器越热，制动能力越强 / Brakes have more stopping power when they get very hot

车辆跑得很快时，制动鼓会很快冷却 / Brake drums cool very quickly when the vehicle is moving very fast

车辆越重或行驶越快，要让其停下，制动器必须吸收的热量就越多 / The heavier a vehicle or the faster it is moving, the more heat the brakes must absorb to stop it

正确！解释：先松开制动恢复车轮滚动附着，再适量反打方向修正行车方向，避免过度修正。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Do the following to correct a drive-wheel braking skid: stop braking letting the rear wheels roll again and keep the rear wheels from sliding; counter-steer as a vehicle turns back on course, it tends to keep on turning. Unless you turn the steering wheel quickly the other way, you may find yourself skidding in the opposite direction.

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要纠正后轮/驱动轮制动时产生的侧滑，你应该： / To correct a rear wheel or drive wheel braking skid, you should:

更用力踩制动踏板 / Apply more braking pressure to the brake pedal

更用力制动并转向、反向修正 / Apply more pressure to the brake pedal and steer, counter steer

松开制动并反向打方向 / Release brakes and counter steer

没错！说明：散落的货物会造成交通隐患并可能致人伤亡；紧急刹车或碰撞时，散落货物也可能伤及你本人；超载还会损坏车辆。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Loose cargo that falls off a vehicle can cause traffic problems and others could be hurt or killed. Loose cargo could hurt or kill you during a quick stop or crash. Your vehicle could be damaged by an overload.

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货物装载或固定不当会引发许多问题。以下哪项说法正确？ / Cargo that is not loaded or secured properly can cause many problems. Which of these statements is true?

紧急刹车或碰撞时，散落货物可能伤及司机或乘客 / Loose cargo can cause injury to the driver or passengers during a quick stop or crash

以上答案都正确 / All answers are correct are true

超载会损坏车辆 / Overloading can damage vehicle

其他道路使用者可能撞到或被散落货物所撞 / Other highway users can hit or be hit by loose cargo

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以下关于警告其他司机有车辆停放，哪种说法是对的？ / Which statement about warning other drivers of a parked vehicle is true?

视线被遮挡时，把三角架放得更近更好If view is obstructed, place triangles closer to the vehicle

如果驾驶员的视线在500英尺内被遮挡，则将反射三角架往后移动If drivers’ view is obstructed within 500 feet, move the reflective triangles farther back

只要开双闪，就不需要摆放任何三角架If your hazard flashers are on, you never need triangles

答对！解释：每 10 英尺货物至少应有一条捆扎；务必确保捆扎数量满足要求并防止货物移动。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Cargo should have at least one tie-down for each ten feet of cargo. Make sure you have enough tiedowns to meet this need.

45 / 50

为防止货物移动，每隔多少英尺的货物至少需要一条捆扎？ / To prevent shifting, there should be at least one tie down for every _____ feet of cargo.

15 英尺 / 15

18 英尺 / 18

10 英尺 / 10

答对！说明：座椅必须对乘客安全。所有座椅都要牢固固定在车身上，不得松动或缺失。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: The seats must be safe for riders. All seats must be securely fastened to the bus, and not lose or missing.

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检查巴士座椅时，你需要留意哪些问题？ / When checking the bus seats, what are you looking for?

查看是否被拆除 / To see if they have been removed

以上皆正确 / All answers are correct

确保坐垫与靠背部分不松动 / To insure the seat and back portions are not loose

确保它们牢固固定在巴士上 / To insure they are securely fastened to the bus

47 / 50

干散货箱需要特别注意的一个原因是： / One reason dry bulk tanks require special care is that:

干散货箱不会侧翻，因此可以更快过弯 Dry bulk tanks cannot roll over, so you can take turns faster

干散货箱的刹车永远更强，所以不需要注意 Dry bulk tanks always have stronger brakes, so extra care isn’t needed

负荷可能会移动 The load may shift

答对！解释：应熟悉路线上的紧急避险车道位置；道路标志会指示入口。避险车道能挽救生命并保护车辆和货物。 / Bingo! EXPLANATION: Know escape ramp locations on your route. Signs show drivers where ramp are located. Escape ramps save lives, equipment and cargo.

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下长陡坡时如果制动器过热而失效，你应该： / You are traveling down a long, steep hill. Your brakes get so hot that they fail. What should you do?

反复踩放制动踏板 / Pump the brake pedal

降挡 / Downshift

寻找紧急避险车道或逃生路线 / Look for an escape ramp or escape route

正确！说明：感知时间约为 3/4 秒；在时速 55 英里时，这相当于行驶约 142 英尺。 / Correct! EXPLANATION: ¾ seconds. At 55 mph this accounts for 142 feet traveled.

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平均感知距离是多少？ / What is the average perception distance?

158 英尺 / 158 feet

117 英尺 / 117 feet

142 英尺 / 142 feet

没错！说明：顺应车流速度通常更安全也更省力。 / Right! EXPLANATION: Going with the flow of traffic is safer and easier.

50 / 50

你的车辆在空旷道路上可安全以 55 英里/小时行驶。现在车流拥堵，虽限速 55，但车流以 35 英里/小时行驶。此时你最安全的车速最可能是： / You are driving a vehicle that could safely be driven at 55 mph on an open road. Traffic is now heavy and moving at 35 mph although the speed limit is 55. The safest speed for your vehicle in this situation is most likely:

40 英里/小时 / 40 mph

35 英里/小时 / 35 mph

30 英里/小时 / 30 mph

您的分数是

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